Cutter-head



R. HBGENER.

No. 335,582. y Patented Feb. 9, 1886.

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R. HEG-ENER.

GUTTER HEAD.

No. 885,582. Patented Feb. 9, 1888.

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(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

R. HBGBNER.

GUTTER HEAD. No. 335,582." Patented Feb. 9. 1886.

` UNrrnD STAT-Es PATENT RUDOLPH HEGENER, OF SOUTH CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

CUTTE R-HEAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No 335,582, dated February9, 1886.

Serial No. 179,118. (No model.)

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, RUDOLPH HnonNnR, a citizen of the United States,residing in South Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cross-Cut Molding-Heads,of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to revolving knife heads or holders for cuttingmoldings or other irregular forms in wood across the grain thereof.

It has long been customary to make moldings whereon the grooves orraised portions run with the grain in the wood by means of revolvingcutters, the board being fed continuously along on a suitable table orguide under the revolving cutter-head, and in this way such moldings canbe manufactured very rapidly and cheaply; but prior to my inventionthose moldings wherein the grooves and raised portions were desired torun at right angles to or across the grain of the wood could not besuccessfully manufactured by revolving cutters, because-the deepest andmiddle portion of the groove being cut first by the knife or cutters,and the higher and marginal portions last, the knife or cutter as theboard advances cuts from the lowest and central 'portions of the groovesupward and outward, and therefore has such a tendency to split or breakoff the extreme top portion of the narrow ridges or high portions of themolding that it is found impracticable to make moldingsacross the grainof the wood in this way; and also when the knives or cutters make aslanting upward cut against the grain of the wood fromA the centraldeeper portions of the grooves to the higher marginal portions of thegroove they tend to leave a rough or unsmooth surface, which requires asubsequent dressing and polishing with sand-paper, Sto. Owing to thediiiiculty or impracticability of making cross-cut moldings with rotarycutters they have heretofore usually been made by means of scroll or jigsaws; -but in order to saw them the block has to be previously marked orscribed, and the surface left by the saw requires sandpapering andpolishing.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a rotarycutter-head whereby such cross-cut moldings may be rapidly and cheaplymanufactured without any danger ofthe knives high portions or ridges ofthe molding between the contiguous grooves thereof, and whereby theknives will leave a smooth and polished surface upon the nished molding;and my invention consists in providing the molding head with faces uponwhichv the knives are secured, inclined at an angle to the axis of thehead or of the shaft upon which the head revolves, so that the knives orcutters secured thereto will each stand at an incline, and have thatside or edge of the knife which cuts the higher and. marginal portionsof the groove advanced before its other side or edge which cuts thecentral and deeper part of the groove. By this means the knife is alwaysmade to cut downward and inward from the higher and marginal portion ofthe groove toward the central and deeper portions thereof. The oppositesides or walls of each groove are cut by different knives oppositelyinclined to each other, so that the higher and marginal portions of eachside or wall of the groove will be cut in advance of or before thecentral and deeper part of the groove.

The revolving head may be provided with any number of inclined facesdesired, and one or more knives may be secured on each inclined face ofthe head. Preferably, however, I make the head with four inclinedfaces-two inclined in one direction toward the axis of the head or itsshaft and two in the other.

In the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specication, andin which similar letters of referenoeindicate like parts, Figure 1 is aperspective view looking at the end of my revolving cross-cutmolding-head, and Figs. 2 and 3 are side elevationsshowing the twooppositely-incliued knives or cutters same groove in position foroperation.

In said drawings, A represents the shaft upon which the revolving head Bis secured, and A are bearings in which said shaft may bejournaled.

C represents a board or molding to be cut across the grain of the woodresting upon a suitable guide or table upon which it is fed under thecutters.

The revolving head B has preferably four knife-faces, B B2, inclinedtoward the axis of the head or its shaft,the faces B being inclined orcutters splitting or breaking off the narrow which cutthe opposite sidesor walls of the ICO oppositely to the faces B2. The inclination of thesefaces should preferably be ordinarily about thirty degrees to the axisof the shaft O. The knives or cutters D D are secured to these faces BB2 of the revolving head by bolts or screws d, the heads of which t indovetail grooves or guides b,cut in the faces B B2 of the head. Thecontour or shape of the cutters D D' varies,of course,according to theparticular form of groove or molding to be cut. The faces of the cuttersof course do not stand parallel to the axis of the head, but have thesame inclination as the faces of the head to which they are secured; andthe oppositely-inclined knives or cutters cut opposite sides or walls ofthe groove. Those knives which incline to the right and consequentlyhave their right-hand edges advanced, cut the right sides or walls ofthe groove, and those inclined to the left cut the left sides or wallsof the grooves, so that the higher and marginal portions of the grooveare cut first,

Aand the knives consequently have no tendency to split or break off theweak narrow top portions of the ridges between the contiguous grooves.

rlhe knives or cutters may be adjusted up or down to cut deeper orshallower by means of the set-screws or bolts d, and also laterally inthe grooves or guides. The grooves or guides b should be cut parallel tothe corners or edges of the faces of the inclined faces of the head.

Theopposite faces B B are both inclined to the left toward the axisofthe head,and the opposite faces B2 B2 are both inclined to the righttoward the axis of the shaft, and the knives D D, secured to the faces BB,when the head A is revolved to bring each of said knives into A saidfour faces being all similar to each other,

and each face being in the form of a triangle with truncated apex.

The feed-table may be of any ordinary construction, and the head may besecured to any suitable revolving shaft operated by a belt and pulley,or otherwise.

I claim- 1. The device for cutting grooves or moldings across the grainof the wood, consisting in a symmetrical-shaped revolving head, B,having four similar inclined faces, B B B2 B2, arranged at right anglesto each other circumferentially 2. The revolving cutter-head B, havingfourv similar triangular-shaped faces,B B B2 B2,in clined to the axis ofsaid head, the opposite faces B B being inclined in the oppositedirection to the two opposite faces Bz B2,whereby a symmetrical-shapedhead is produced, substantially as specified. Y

3. The revolving cutter-head B,havingsimi lar triangular-shaped inclinedfaces, B B2, provided with grooves or guides b, extending parallel tothe edges of said faces, and knives or cutters secured to said faces byset screws or bolts adjustable in said grooves or guides b,substantially as specified. l

4. The revolving cutter head B, having faces B B2 inclined toward theaxis of said head, provided with grooves or guides b, ex tendingparallel to the edges of said faces, and

knives or cutters secured to said faces by setl screws or boltsadjustable in said grooves or guides b, the edges of said faces or saidgrooves lying in a plane parallel to the axis of said head, so that theadjustment of the knife to different positionsin said groove will notaffect the depth of cut or the distance the knife projects beyond theedge of saidinclined face, substantially as specified.

5. A revolving head, as B, having a face, as B', inclined to the axis ofsaid head, and a knife, as D, secured to said face, whereby the edge orside of said knife which cuts the higher or marginal portion of thegroove is presented to the work in advance of the other edge or side ofsaid knife which cuts the deeper or central portion of said groove,saidinclined faceB havingalso an edge'which lies in a lOO plane parallelto the axis of said head, so that y said knifev may be adjusted lindifferent posi tions longitudinally with the axis of said head n withoutaffecting the depth of the cut or the distance the knife projects beyondthe sup'- porting-edge of said inclined face, substantially asspecified.

" RUDOLPH HEGENER.

Witnesses H. M. MUNDAY, EDMUND 'ADoociL

